Douglas L. Christiansen，拥有高等教育管理专业博士学位，美国范德堡大学招生主管副校长、奖学金管理及教务部主任，现任美国大学理事会主席。

(以下为2016年5月27日，Douglas博士做客我院演讲的翻译稿，附不完整英文版，仅供参考)

Douglas L. Christiansen博士：
很高兴与各位相聚在此。我很荣幸能与各位分享一些有关美国大学理事会的历史、组织架构，以及如何成功地在美国乃至全球范围内、为学生提供就学和升学机会。
首先，我简短地介绍一下美国大学理事会的历史、一些重要决策及组织规范等内容。美国大学理事会成立于1900年，创立之初就致力于在美国普及高等教育。作为一个非营利性的会员制组织，我们致力于提供优秀的高品质教育。全球有6000家一流的学院、学校和教育组织加入了大学理事会。在美国范围内，大学理事会有1400多名员工。去年160万余名学生参加了美国高考。且每年有超过440万的学生参加美国PSAT考试。
我们鼓励学生通过参加SAT、PSAT等具有评估和选拔性质的考试项目来获得成功。而我们也会利用评价软件来做好相关的评价工作。通过我们提供的考试项目和相关服务，每年有超过700万学生成功进入大学。目前有2100万学生使用大学理事会的官网“远大前程”（bigfuture.collegeboard.org）来进行大学搜索。
大学理事会在考试评估领域的主要改革举措如下：SAT，PSAT及相关考试评价将进行重新设计，变得比以往更富有针对性，更具有实用性，也更加公开透明。大学理事会的技术研究小组提供高质量的数据分析、报告和发表刊物来探究教育领域中的问题，内容涵盖了大学预录取评估、评估有效性的验证以及如何提高考试的可操作性。
过去的这段时间大学理事会逐渐从一个提供考试的机构向一个提供机遇的机构转变。我会在下面进一步解释。对于更年轻的学生，我们希望在他们逐渐成长成熟的过程中，可以通过正确的评价工具来确保他们能够顺利地进入大学。
考试的初衷本来是为了更好帮助学生了解自己的学业水平并且进行分级。在美国，考试文化曾经是消极的，一度成为强压式的应试教育。所以很多美国的家长和学生都不喜欢美国高考，他们认为是浪费时间。我们希望能够改变这种情况，使得考试重新成为一种有效的评价和求学机制。所以我们开始思考如何让美国高考从以往侧重应试技巧向侧重课堂内容理解的方向来改变。
今年3月份，美国考生们第一次参加了全新设计的SAT考试。通过大量数据资料的研究，新的SAT考试侧重于和将来大学就业准备相关性最高的技能和知识内容，而不是侧重于如何应试的技巧和态度。针对3月份考生的问卷调查显示，71%的学生认为新的SAT考试能够反映他们在课堂中所学的内容。支持新SAT与旧SAT的学生比例为6:1。 大约75%的学生表示阅读部分的测试与他们预期的一样或更加简单。大约80%的学生认为新SAT所涉及的词汇相比原来考试中出现的生僻词汇在今后的大学就业准备中更加实用。
通过大量的研究，我们找到那些最需要掌握的词汇，并且将这些词汇作为高考测试的内容。另外，为了培养更多成功的学生，大学理事会史无前例地尝试在线模拟测试。无论你是来自美国的富裕家庭还是低收入家庭，我们希望能提供一个公平公正的竞争平台。
通过参加模拟高考，学生需要了解他们有哪些知识点没能掌握，而不是仅仅使用应试技巧来蒙混过关。目前已经有超过百万学生通过在线平台进行模拟测试，并且获得针对个人定制的学习方案，帮助他们增强薄弱环节的知识学习。通过大量基于数据研究挑选出来的阅读和写作练习，学生可以学到那些在今后接受高等教育时所需要的知识与技能，而不是仅仅应试技巧。
在美国有大量高考培训公司，同样在中国也有许多这样的考试培训机构。我们希望通过这样的高考改革，让这些公司和机构从扮演单纯训练应考技巧来获取高分的考试中介，逐渐成为像老师那样去帮助学生提高学习能力的教育机构。
现在新的SAT考试所有信息都是公开透明的，都能在网上查看。大学理事会希望改变标准化考试中的暗箱操作问题。让学生能够明白哪些知识是必须的，是他们在今后大学取得成功所需要的，同时也确保学校所学的知识在未来是实用的和不可或缺的。通过这样的高考改革，我们要确保学生不仅仅能够进入大学，而是那些能够通过高考进入大学的学生都是具备获得成功所需知识的学生。

Douglas L. Christiansen：
It’s a honor to be with you guys, chair of the board trustee of the college board. And it’s a privilege to share with you some of our history and structure that made the college board so successful in the US and globally as an organization of access and opportunity. I want to begin my remarks with a brief history of college board and the decision of the organization and restriction of organizational structure.
Found in 1900, the college board was created to extend access to higher education in United States.As a non-profit membership organization committed to excellence and a high quality education, the college board is made up of 6000 of the word leading colleges, schools and other educational organization. Nationally, the college board organization employs over 1400 employees. Last year, more than 1.6 million students sat for the SAT exam. And more than 4.4 million students sat for the advanced placement exams annually.
Through programs and initiatives like SAT and PSAT related assessment and advanced placement, the college board challenges all students to own their future by practicing. And taking advantage of tools to do well in their assessment. Each year, the college board helps over 7 million students to prepare for successful transition to college through programs and services we offer. Currently there are 21 million students with active college searchs on the college board website called “big future”.
The major initiatives in the assessment area of the college board will be as follows. So the SAT, the PSAT and related assessments will be redesigned to be more focus and useful and clearer ever before. The college board skill research team deliver high quality data-driven analysis, reports and publications exploring issues in education. Ranging from college initiation assessment, vadility assessment and the validity of assessment and how operationalize the test.
During the recent past, the college board has changed to just deliver test to deliver opportunity. I will explain this in a moment. So trying to work with younger students as they grow and mature with the right assessment tools to keep them on track for college initiation.
We are trying to change the culture that a test is a block as supposed to understanding skills and know how to improve and increase student’s ability. The culture in the US was that a test was a negative. It was something you have to take to progress. As supposed to intool and understand where are you academically so we can range your skill. So many parents in the US and students don’t like SAT or the ACT, because too much time on it. And we try to change that culture so it’s again about assessment and accessment. So we are really thinking about moving SAT from a attitude test to about achievement in the classroom.
The new SAT that we just redesigned, student took for the first time in march of this year. It focus on what we research and evidence show matter most for college career readiness. It was not attitude, but understanding and achievements. According to a survey that we did for the students who took test in march, 71% of the students reflected what they were learning in school, by 6 to 1 margin that student perfer the new format of SAT than the previous old version. 75% of students said reading section was the same or easier than they expected. 80% students said the vocabulary in the test will be more useful in the new test than the abscure words that we understand in the old test that is no meaning in the career or college readiness.
so the real purpose we choose words through research that they need to know, but just add vocabulary. In addition connect student with opportunity, so the college board the first kind of history took additional step to guarantee to raise successful student to bind more practice test not test practice. Wether you are coming from US in a wealth family or a family with low income, try to lever the play field. And now,as we practice for SAT, I take the test a practice test or the real test, because it can take more than once.
My test I get formalize what I need know, content missing, not how to take the test. When I automatically get online everything personalized study plan about how to do better. Millions of student has got personalized online study plan on the area of the content that they need to improve on . The personalized study after you take the practice test is to make sure you know massive evidence-based reading and writing , not how to trick the test, when you learning in lower grade you know where you can bring them up to have more opportunity for college.
In the US, they are many test practice companies, in China many test practice for SAT. I change their practice so student has a lower score test agency to tutoring academically. Become teacher content.
Online, you can test specification of new designed SAT, any thing we design will go public. Take away the mistery, geometry, math , curriculum, that all online you can know. College board try to take away the mistery from the standandized test. Let you know what you must learn in school, try to change test prep organization to educationally deliver tutoring content. Match what you learn in school and what you will need to will successful in college. Try no only place the student in college, student placed has the right information to be successful.